Populations are ageing, with an increasing number of people living with long-term conditions. Simultaneously, healthcare is becoming increasingly complex with an ever-growing range of diagnosis and treatment options. Health information technology (HIT) can make care safer and more efficient, but it can also have unanticipated consequences and contribute to adverse events.1–4 However, the pace with which novel technologies are entering health services and the scale of change that they bring with them are unprecedented. Therefore, there is a need to monitor developments carefully and mitigate risks where they arise. In particular, there is currently a strong international interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionise the way care is delivered.5